Porous Surface State Analysis of Anodized Titanium for Biomedical Applications

Abstract In this work, pure Ti was anodically oxidized using 1M H 3 PO 4 + 2–10 pct HF electrolytes at 10 V vs open circuit potential (OCP). The structure of the anodized samples’ surfaces investigated X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron (SEM). results show presence titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) hydrogen phosphate (Ti(HPO in surface layer. Due to chemical composition properties that materials have, they do not pose a threat support osseointegration process. rough porous anodic oxide morphology shown by AFM is useful for tissue growth, as well improving corrosion resistance. XPS confirms short anodization thin anatase-type TiO , which candidate hard implant applications. improved after oxidation electrolyte 15 minutes. wetting analysis shows hydrophilic suggests good bioadhesion surface. supports osteoblast cell proliferation, indicating material has state appropriate